Place the raw shrimp in a food processor and pulse 6-8 times until finely chopped but not pureed.
Transfer the chopped shrimp to a large mixing bowl.
Add panko breadcrumbs, finely chopped onion, minced garlic, egg, mayonnaise, Dijon mustard, lemon juice, chopped parsley, smoked paprika, salt, and black pepper to the bowl with shrimp.
Mix all ingredients thoroughly until well combined.
Divide the mixture into 8 equal portions and shape each portion into a round patty about 3 inches in diameter and 1/2 inch thick.
Preheat the air fryer to 375°F (190°C) for 3 minutes.
Lightly spray both sides of each shrimp patty with cooking spray.
Place the patties in a single layer in the air fryer basket, making sure they do not touch. Cook in batches if necessary.
Air fry the shrimp patties at 375°F (190°C) for 6 minutes.
Flip the patties carefully and air fry for an additional 6 minutes or until golden brown and cooked through.
Remove the patties from the air fryer and let them rest for 2 minutes before serving.