Preheat the oven to 350°F (175°C). Line two baking sheets with parchment paper.
In a medium bowl, whisk together the all-purpose flour, baking soda, baking powder, and salt. Set aside.
In a large bowl, beat the softened unsalted butter and granulated sugar together with an electric mixer on medium speed until light and fluffy, about 3 minutes.
Add the egg and vanilla extract to the butter and sugar mixture. Beat until well combined.
Mix in the sour cream until fully incorporated.
Gradually add the dry ingredients to the wet ingredients, mixing on low speed until just combined. Do not overmix.
Fold in the semisweet chocolate chips evenly throughout the dough.
Using a tablespoon or cookie scoop, drop rounded balls of dough about 2 inches apart onto the prepared baking sheets.
Bake in the preheated oven for 10 to 12 minutes, or until the edges are lightly golden but the centers remain soft.
Remove the cookies from the oven and allow them to cool on the baking sheets for 5 minutes before transferring to a wire rack to cool completely.